The nature of biological treatment can also encourage the dissemination of AMRD into the environment and within the wastewater microbiome. WWTP effluent and solid waste products not only have a high prevalence of AMRDs but also release selective agents into the receiving environments ( Jury et al., 2011). For those contaminants that can be degraded, the resulting metabolites may still have antimicrobial or selective activity. ![]() Many microbial and chemical contaminants in wastewater cannot be degraded by the treatment process or inactivated through disinfection of the effluent. Influent can be contaminated with a variety of pollutants, including antimicrobial agents, pharmaceuticals, personal care products, and heavy metals, which can accumulate within WWTPs. WWTPs are relatively nutrient-rich, heavily contaminated environments that receive waste from a variety of AMRD-loaded environments, including hospitals, industrial and agricultural sites and release both solid and liquid by-products that can disseminate AMRDs. WWTPs are a significant point source for AMRDs and antimicrobials. ![]() ![]() Liss, in Management of Emerging Public Health Issues and Risks, 2019 2.3.3.1 Wastewater Treatment Plants as a Point of Control
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